| 徐 飞, 王俊美, 杨共强, 宋玉立*, 赵 凯, 韩自行, 李丽娟, 刘露露, 李亚红, 张姣姣.不同杀菌剂防治小麦赤霉病及减少籽粒中DON毒素积累的效果[J].植物保护,2018,44(3):214-219. |
| 不同杀菌剂防治小麦赤霉病及减少籽粒中DON毒素积累的效果 |
| Effect of fungicides on Fusarium head blight and deoxynivalenol content in wheat grain |
| 投稿时间：2017-08-01 修订日期：2017-09-15 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2017283 |
| 中文关键词: 小麦 赤霉病 杀菌剂 防治效果 脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇 |
| 英文关键词:wheat Fusarium head blight fungicide control effect deoxynivalenol |
| 基金项目:国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303016); 国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0300705); 科技基础性工作专项(2013FY113200); 河南省小麦产业技术体系(S2010-01-05) |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 徐 飞, 王俊美, 杨共强, 宋玉立*, 赵 凯, 韩自行, 李丽娟, 刘露露, 李亚红, 张姣姣 | 河南省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 农业部华北南部作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室, 郑州 450002 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确不同杀菌剂防治小麦赤霉病和减少小麦籽粒中DON(脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇)毒素积累的效果, 于大田人工接菌条件下进行了不同杀菌剂对小麦赤霉病的防治试验, 并于收获期测定了不同药剂处理的小麦籽粒中DON毒素含量。结果表明:两种处理方式下, 50%多菌灵WP, 30%多·酮SC, 25%戊唑醇WP, 25%氰烯菌酯SC和70%甲基硫菌灵WP处理中, 除先喷药后接菌条件下25%戊唑醇WP在病粒率和籽粒中DON积累上没有显著防治效果, 接菌后1 d喷药条件下50%多菌灵WP、25%戊唑醇WP在病粒率上没有显著防治效果; 30%多·酮SC在病粒率和籽粒中DON积累上没有显著防治效果外, 各处理对小麦的病穗率、病情指数、病粒率和籽粒中DON积累都有显著的防治效果(P<0.05)。各处理的病穗率防效在42.4%~83.5%, 病情指数防效在44.9%~88.2%, 病粒率防效在34.7%~69.4%, 籽粒中DON防效在48.0%~86.9%。上述几种杀菌剂具有明显的保护作用, 其在先喷药后接菌条件下的防治效果均明显优于接菌后1 d喷药的防治效果。两种处理方式下, 30%己唑醇悬浮剂、25%嘧菌酯悬浮剂和12.5%烯唑醇可湿性粉剂处理在病穗率、病情指数、病粒率和籽粒中DON积累与清水对照处理没有显著性差异(P＞0.05)。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The control effect of different fungicides against Fusarium head blight were evaluated by spraying on the surface of plant before or after inoculation with Fusarium graminearum in the field. Deoxynivalenol (DON) concentration in kernel were also determined after the wheat harvest. The results revealed that tebuconzole 25% WP treatment had no significant control effect on disease kernel rate and DON content under the condition of treated before inoculation; tebuconzole 25% WP, carbendazim·triadimefon 30% SC, and carbendazim 50% WP treatment had no significant control effect on disease kernel rate under the condition of treated after inoculation, and there was no significant control effect of carbendazim·triadimefon 30% SC treatment on DON accumulation in grains. Except the above-mentioned situation, phenamacril 25% SC, tebuconzole 25% WP, carbendazim·triadimefon 30% SC, carbendazim 50% WP, and thiophanate-methyl 70% WP could significantly reduce the percentage of diseased ear and kernel, disease index and DON content. The control effect was 42.4%-83.5% for diseased ear rate, 44.9%-88.2% for disease index, 34.7%-69.4% for disease kernel rate and 48.0%-86.9% for DON content. The diseased ear rate, disease kernel rate, disease index and DON content of wheat treated by hexaconazole 30% SC, azoxystrobin 25% SC and diniconazole 12.5% WP had no significant difference with those of the control (P＞0.05) under both treatment ways. |
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