| 汤东生 1#, 杨肖艳 1#, 李永川 2, 肖文祥 3, 顾小军 1, 金鼎峻 1, 李铷 1, 傅杨 1*.入侵杂草虉草在云南的发生、危害和防除状况调查[J].植物保护,2018,44(2):167-169. |
| 入侵杂草虉草在云南的发生、危害和防除状况调查 |
| Investigation on the occurrence, damage and control of the invasive weed Phalaris spp. in Yunnan Province |
| 投稿时间：2017-06-28 修订日期：2017-08-26 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2017246 |
| 中文关键词: 入侵杂草 虉草 发生 危害 防除 |
| 英文关键词:invasive weed Phalaris spp. occurrence damage control |
| 基金项目:云南省重点研发计划(2016RA008) |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 汤东生 1#, 杨肖艳 1#, 李永川 2, 肖文祥 3, 顾小军 1, 金鼎峻 1, 李铷 1, 傅杨 1* | 1. 云南农业大学云南生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室, 昆明650201
2. 云南省植保植检站, 昆明650034
3. 云南省保山市植保植检站, 保山678000 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采用倒置“W”九点取样法和5级目测法, 调查了云南冬季作物田杂草虉草的发生和危害状况。结果表明, 截至2017年在云南有7个地州33个区县发现有虉草危害, 其中保山地区危害最为严重, 占全省受害面积的92%, 其次是大理白族自治州。虉草在冬季作物田大麦、小麦、油菜和蚕豆田均有发生。危害的虉草有两个种, 分别是小籽虉草 Phalaris minor 和奇异虉草 P. paradoxa。其中小籽虉草的发生较为普遍, 奇异虉草为零星发生。虉草造成的危害指数在6%~50%之间, 对农作物造成的产量损失在40~110 kg/667 m2之间。虉草的防除以化学防除为主, 人工防除为辅, 但目前尚缺乏经济有效的防除农田虉草的除草剂。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Methods of inversion W nine-point sampling and five-grade ocular estimation were carried out to investigate the occurrence and damage caused by weed Phalaris spp. in winter crop fields in Yunnan Province. The results showed that Phalaris spp. had distributed to 33 counties of seven cities in Yunnan Province till 2017. The largest invasive area was found in Baoshan City, which accounted for 92% occurrence area of whole province, followed by Dali City. Phalaris spp. caused damage on all winter crop fields of barley, wheat, rape and faba bean. There were two species i.e. P.paradoxa and P.minor, found in winter crop field. Phalaris minor was dominant in Yunnan Province, whereas P.paradoxa was only occasionally found. The damage index caused by Phalaris spp. ranged from 6% to 50%, and yield loss of crop reached 40-110 kg per 667 m 2. Chemical control was the primary method for the control of Phalaris spp., while manually management was used to eliminate it as well. However, so far it still lacks the cost-effective herbicide to control Phalaris weeds in crop fields. |
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