| 王艳, 晋玲, 曾翠云, 雒军, 朱田田.柴胡斑枯病病原及其生物学特性[J].植物保护,2017,43(6):78-84. |
| 柴胡斑枯病病原及其生物学特性 |
| Pathogen identification and biological characteristics of leaf spot on Bupleurum chinense |
| 投稿时间：2017-01-08 修订日期：2017-03-03 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 柴胡斑枯病 形态学 分子生物学 病原鉴定 生物学特性 |
| 英文关键词:Bupleurum chinense leaf-spot morphology multi-locus phylogeny pathogen identification biological characteristic |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(31460013); 甘肃省科技计划项目(1508RJ2A011); 甘肃省科技计划基础研究创新群体(1606RJIA323); 中央财政引导地方科技创新平台项目(2016-A-02) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 据2011-2014年调查,甘肃省柴胡斑枯病发生严重,常年发病率为13%~21%,严重度1~2级。本研究以形态学和分子生物学方法相结合,明确了甘肃省柴胡斑枯病病原及其生物学特性。甘肃省柴胡斑枯病菌分生孢子器近球形或球形,黑褐色,高66.4~90.2 μm,平均77.5 μm; 直径57.3~90.0 μm,平均70.5 μm。分生孢子针形、无色,有些稍弯曲,具1~3隔膜,大小(13.0~26.0)μm×(1.5~3.0)μm,平均19.0 μm×2.0 μm。通过ITS、LSU、RBP2和β-tubline多基因位点构建系统发育树,将柴胡斑枯病病原鉴定为柴胡壳针孢Septoria bupleuricola Sacc.。该菌菌丝生长、分生孢子萌发和产孢的温度范围分别为0~35℃、0~35℃、5~35℃,最适温度分别为20~25℃、15℃、10~15℃; 连续光照有利于菌丝生长、孢子萌发和病菌产孢; 菌丝生长、孢子萌发和产孢的适宜pH范围分别为4.0~10.0、4.51~9.19和5.0~9.0, 最适pH分别为5.0、6.49和5.5; 此菌在相对湿度75%以上可萌发,以水中萌发最好; 柴胡叶或根渍液对孢子萌发有较强的促进作用。表明柴胡壳针孢菌丝生长和孢子萌发的适宜温度偏低,因此该病害在气温偏低及持续阴雨结露条件下发生较重。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| During disease surveys on medicinal plants in Gansu Province in 2011-2014, we found that leaf spot on Bupleurum chinense DC. was a serious disease with 13%-21% disease incidence and 1-2 level of disease severity. Morphological and molecular methods were combined to identify and test the biological characteristics of the pathogen. The pycnidia of the pathogen was spherical or sub-spherical, 66.4-90.2 μm (mean: 77.5 μm)in height, 57.3-90.0 μm (mean: 70.5 μm) in diameter, conidia hyaline, needle, with 1-3 septates of (13.0-26.0)μm×(1.5-3.0)μm (mean: 19.0 μm×2.0 μm) in size. Multi-locus phylogenic analysis of the five loci: ITS, LSU, RBP2 and β-tubulin showed that the pathogen was Septoria bupleuricola Sacc. The temperature ranges of hypha growth, spore germination and production were 0-35, 0-35 and 5-35℃, respectively. The optimum temperatures were 20-25, 15 and 10-15℃, correspondingly. Continuous illumination facilitates hyphal growth, spore production and germination. The pH ranges of the hypha growth, spore germination and production were 4.0-10.0, 4.51-9.19 and 5.0-9.0, with the optimum values of 5.0, 6.49 and 5.5, respectively. The relative humidity for spore germination was above 75%. Spores germinated well in water. Root and leaf extracts stimulated spore germination. The optimum temperature for mycelium growth and spore germination of the pathogen was low, indicating that the disease might worsen under low-temperature, dewing and continuous rainy weather. |
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