| 吴仁海1, 孙慧慧1, 苏旺苍1, 薛 飞1, 徐洪乐1, 鲁传涛1*, 孙建伟1, 杨东升2.精异丙甲草胺对小麦药害及其安全剂解毒作用初步研究[J].植物保护,2017,43(1):99-105. |
| 精异丙甲草胺对小麦药害及其安全剂解毒作用初步研究 |
| Phytotoxicity of S-metolachlor to wheat and its safener |
| 投稿时间：2016-02-25 修订日期：2016-06-20 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 精异丙甲草胺 小麦 药害 安全剂 解草酮 缓解技术 |
| 英文关键词:S-metolachlor wheat phytotoxicity safener benoxacor alleviating technology |
| 基金项目:公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203098); 河南省科技攻关计划项目(152102110141, 162102110004) |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 吴仁海1, 孙慧慧1, 苏旺苍1, 薛 飞1, 徐洪乐1, 鲁传涛1*, 孙建伟1, 杨东升2 | 1. 河南省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 河南省农作物病虫害防治重点实验室, 郑州 450002
2. 河南省南阳市桐柏县植保植检站, 南阳 474750 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了探索精异丙甲草胺在小麦田的应用技术, 室内研究了精异丙甲草胺对小麦的安全性, 对安全剂进行筛选, 并对安全剂作用机制进行初步研究。结果表明, 精异丙甲草胺对小麦的生长抑制作用随着土壤含水量增大及温度的下降而上升。对4种安全剂进行筛选, 结果表明, 解草酮0.5、5 g/kg种子处理能够显著降低精异丙甲草胺对小麦的药害, 解草啶、二氯丙烯胺、苯叉酰胺在低剂量下能够一定程度缓解精异丙甲草胺药害, 但高剂量无缓解作用。进一步研究表明, 解草酮0.5～4 g/kg种子处理能够有效降低精异丙甲草胺150～600 g/hm2(有效成分含量)造成的小麦药害, 缓解率均在20％以上, 其中1 g/kg解草酮种子处理缓解效果最好, 提高小麦对精异丙甲草胺的耐药性可达4倍以上。生理指标测定结果表明, 解草酮1 g/kg种子处理可显著提高小麦出苗期(播后4～6 d) GSTs比活力, 而GSH含量与对照相当或降低。表明解草酮可能通过提高小麦GSTs活力来增强GSH对精异丙甲草胺的轭合代谢作用, 而非通过增加GSH含量来提升精异丙甲草胺降解。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to explore the application technology of S-metolachlor in wheat fields, the safety of S-metolachlor to wheat was evaluated and its safeners were examined indoors, and then the mechanism of efficient safener was studied. The results indicated that the wheat-seedling growth inhibition from S-metolachlor would be aggravated as the soil moisture increased and the temperature decreased. Meanwhile, four safeners were tested by seed treatment. At 0.5, 5 g/kg, benoxacor could significantly reduce the phytotoxicity from S-metolachlor. Fenclorim, dichlormid and AD-67 also showed moderate antidotal effect at 0.5 g/kg, but vanished at 5 g/kg. Further research showed that benoxacor was an excellent safener of S-metolachlor on wheat. When seeds treated at 0.5-4 g/kg, wheat-seedling growth inhibition rate caused by 150-600 g/hm2 S-metolachlor decreased by about 20%. As the best treatment, 1 g/kg benoxacor enhanced wheat-seedling resistance to S-metolachlor by more than 4 times. The physiological results showed wheat-seedling (4-6 d after sowing) GSTs activity significantly increased under seed treatment with 1 g/kg benoxacor, but no significant difference in GSH content, revealing that benoxacor might reduce wheat-seedling injury from S-metolachlor by improving GSTs activity rather than GSH content in wheat. |
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