| 刘昌燕, 李 莉, 焦春海, 陈宏伟, 刘良军, 万正煌*.温度对绿豆象种群增长的影响[J].植物保护,2016,42(6):72-75. |
| 温度对绿豆象种群增长的影响 |
| Effects of temperature on the population growth of Callosobruchus chinensis L. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) |
| 投稿时间：2015-11-23 修订日期：2016-01-07 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 绿豆象 温度 生长发育 种群增长 |
| 英文关键词:Callosobruchus chinensis temperature growth and development population growth |
| 基金项目:国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金（CARS09）; 科技部国际合作重点项目（2011DFB31620）; 湖北省农科院青年科学基金（2014NKYJJ35） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 在实验室条件下以绿豆为食料饲养绿豆象, 在20、25、30和35℃等4个温度条件下, 逐日观察记录绿豆象产卵量、卵孵化数和成虫羽化数等生物学参数。结果表明, 随着温度的升高, 绿豆象卵期、豆内期、未成熟期、雄虫历期及雌虫历期逐渐缩短, 温度从20℃升至35℃时, 卵历期从18.33 d缩短为4.40 d, 豆内期从36.43 d缩短为15.20 d, 未成熟期从54.76 d缩短至19.60 d, 雄虫历期从43.93 d缩短至8.07 d, 雌虫历期从25.33 d 缩短至8.07 d。在20℃下, 绿豆象卵、豆内期及未成熟期存活率均最低, 且与其他3个温度差异显著。在20℃下, 绿豆象产卵历期最长, 为20.67 d, 但总产卵量及雌性比例均较其他3个温度低, 分别为43.33粒和33.27%。绿豆象卵、豆内期、未成熟期及整个世代的发育起点温度分别为14.69、11.11、12.03和13.73℃, 有效积温分别为82.63、342.87、427.94和565.59日·度。在35℃时, 绿豆象内禀增长率和周限增长率均最大, 分别为0.044 58和1.045 58。研究结果表明, 在30~35℃条件下, 最有利于种群增长, 为绿豆象发育的最适宜温度。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The biological characteristics (number of egg hatch, adult eclosion, oviposition) of Callosobruchus chinensis on mung bean were systematically recorded day by day under the conditions of a series of temperatures (20, 25, 30 and 35℃) in the laboratory. The egg stage, larval and pupal duration, immature stage, male duration and female duration of C.chinensis decreased with increasing temperature. From 20℃ to 35℃, the egg stage shortened from 18.33 d to 4.40 d; the larval and pupal durations reduced from 36.43 d to 15.20 d; the immature stage shortened from 54.76 d to 19.60 d; the male duration was decreased from 43.93 d to 8.07 d; the female duration reduced from 25.33 d to 8.07 d. At 20℃, the survival percentages during egg, larval and pupal and immature stages were the lowest, significantly different from those at the other three temperatures. The oviposition period of C. chinensis was the longest (20.67 d) at 20℃, but total egg number and female proportion were lower than at the other three temperatures, which were 43.33 eggs and 33.27%, respectively. The developmental thresholds of egg, larval, pupal, immature periods and the whole generation were 14.69, 11.11, 12.03 and 1373℃, respectively; the effective accumulative temperatures were 82.63, 342.87, 427.94 and 565.59 degree-days, respectively. At 35℃, the intrinsic rate of increase and finite rate of increase were the maximum (0.044 58 and 1.045 58). The most beneficial temperature to the population growth of C. chinensis ranged from 30℃ to 35℃, which was also the optimal temperature range for growth and development of C. chinensis. |
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