| 宫庆涛1, 耿 军2, 武海斌1, 张坤鹏1, 刘 萍2, 孙瑞红1*.3种果树蚜虫有效防治药剂及剂量筛选[J].植物保护,2016,42(5):225-229. |
| 3种果树蚜虫有效防治药剂及剂量筛选 |
| Screening of effective pesticides and doses against three kinds of fruit aphids |
| 投稿时间：2015-09-20 修订日期：2015-11-22 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 杏瘤蚜 梨二叉蚜 苹果黄蚜 田间防效 蚜虫 |
| 英文关键词:Myzus mumecola Schizaphis piricola Aphis citricola field efficacy aphid |
| 基金项目:山东省农业科学院院地科技合作引导计划项目（2015YDHZ53）; 山东省自然科学基金（ZR2015YL058） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本文针对杏瘤蚜、梨二叉蚜和苹果黄蚜3种主要果树蚜虫，选取2种新型杀虫剂50%氟啶虫胺腈WG和240 g/L螺虫乙酯SC以及2种常用杀虫剂70%吡虫啉WG和20%啶虫脒WG，采用常规喷雾法比较了不同药剂、不同用药剂量的田间防治效果和持效性。结果表明，在杏瘤蚜和梨二叉蚜发生期，使用50%氟啶虫胺腈WG 41.67、55.56、83.33 mg/L，240 g/L螺虫乙酯SC 28.00、56.00 mg/L，70%吡虫啉WG 35.00、70.00 mg/L和20%啶虫脒WG 33.33、50.00 mg/L喷雾处理，药后7、14和21 d防治效果均在86.21%以上，具有良好的防治效果和持效性。在苹果黄蚜发生期，70%吡虫啉WG和20%啶虫脒WG药后7 d防治效果较好， 14 d和21 d的防治效果远低于7 d的防效，持效性较差；50%氟啶虫胺腈WG 41.67 mg/L处理与70%吡虫啉WG和20%啶虫脒WG表现相似; 而50%氟啶虫胺腈WG 55.56、83.33 mg/L和240 g/L螺虫乙酯SC 28.00、56.00 mg/L在7、14和21 d防治效果分别在97.24%、92.44%和75.42%以上，表现良好的防治效果和持效性。综合分析认为，杏瘤蚜和梨二叉蚜对4种药剂均具有较高的敏感性，而70%吡虫啉WG和20%啶虫脒WG在田间对苹果黄蚜已表现出防效下降和持效期缩短的现象。据此推荐在杏瘤蚜和梨二叉蚜成蚜发生期，使用50%氟啶虫胺腈WG、240 g/L螺虫乙酯SC、70%吡虫啉WG、20%啶虫脒WG，分别以有效成分用量41.67、28.00、35.00、33.33 mg/L进行常规喷雾处理。在苹果黄蚜成蚜发生期，使用50%氟啶虫胺腈WG 55.56 mg/L和240 g/L螺虫乙酯SC 28.00 mg/L进行常规喷雾处理，可有效控制3种蚜虫为害。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study compared field efficacy and persistence duration of two new pesticides, 50% sulfoxaflor WG and 240 g/L spirotetramat SC, as well as two commonly used pesticides, 70% imidacloprid WG and 20% acetamiprid WG against Myzus mumecola， Schizaphis piricola and Aphis citricola by using foliar spraying method. The results showed that, during the occurrence period of M. mumecola and S.piricola, the field control efficacy of the 50% sulfoxaflor WG at 41.67 mg/L, 55.56 mg/L, 83.33 mg/L, 240 g/L spirotetramat SC at 28.00 mg/L, 56.00 mg/L, 70% imidacloprid WG at 35.00 mg/L, 70.00 mg/L and 20% acetamiprid WG at 33.33 mg/L, 50.00 mg/L was over 86.21% at 7, 14 and 21 days after treatment, and the four kinds of pesticides had excellent control effect and long persistence. During the occurrence period of A.citricola, different doses of 70% imidacloprid WG and 20% acetamiprid WG had excellent control effect at 7 days after treatment, but the field efficacy and persistence duration reduced at 14 and 21 days after treatment. 50% sulfoxaflor WG at 41.67 mg/L, 70% imidacloprid WG and 20% acetamiprid WG had the same performance, but the field efficacy of 50% sulfoxaflor WG at 55.56 mg/L, 83.33 mg/L and 240 g/L spirotetramat SC at 28.00 mg/L, 56.00 mg/L was above 97.24%, 92.44% and 75.42% at 7, 14 and 21 days after treatment, respectively. They had excellent control effect and long persistence. To sum up, M. mumecola and S.piricola had high sensitivity to the four kinds of pesticides, but 70% imidacloprid WG and 20% acetamiprid WG showed decreased control effect and shortened persistence duration against A.citricola in the field. Therefore, 50% sulfoxaflor WG at 41.67 mg/L, 240 g/L spirotetramat SC at 28.00 mg/L, 70% imidacloprid WG at 35.00 mg/L and 20% acetamiprid WG at 33.33 mg/L for M. mumecola and S.piricola, and 50% sulfoxaflor WG at 55.56 mg/L and 240 g/L spirotetramat SC at 28.00 mg/L for A.citricola could effectively control the infestation during occurrence periods of adult aphids by using foliar spraying method |
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