| 况卫刚1, 思红兵2, 罗来鑫1, 张治萍1, 李迎宾1, 李健强1*.青稞种子带菌检测及杀菌剂消毒处理效果[J].植物保护,2016,42(4):215-220. |
| 青稞种子带菌检测及杀菌剂消毒处理效果 |
| Testing of seed-borne fungi of hullessbarley and disinfectioneffect of six kinds of fungicides |
| 投稿时间：2015-06-13 修订日期：2015-08-03 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 青稞 种带真菌 带菌检测 杀菌剂 消毒效果 |
| 英文关键词:hullessbarley seed-borne fungi seed testing fungicides disinfection effect |
| 基金项目:国家少数民族科技骨干特殊培养专项 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了研究青稞种子外部和内部携带真菌情况, 比较不同杀菌剂对青稞种子的带菌消毒效果和对幼苗生长的影响, 为青稞种子播前包衣处理和种传真菌病害防控提供依据，采用离体平皿法对云南迪庆‘云青1号’、‘云青2号’和‘短白青稞’3个主栽品种进行带菌检测, 并对种子进行拌种或浸种处理测定6种杀菌剂对种子消毒效果, 分析杀菌剂对种子发芽和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:供试青稞种子表面携带的优势菌群为青霉(Penicillium spp.)、镰刀菌(Fusarium spp.); 种子内部寄藏的真菌主要为镰刀菌、核腔菌(Pyrenophora spp.)、附球菌(Epicoccum spp.)、丝核菌(Rhizoctonia spp.)、链格孢(Alternaria spp.)和木霉(Trichoderma spp.)。青稞不同品种的种子表面及内部携带的真菌种类差异较大。致病性测定表明, 镰刀菌对种子萌发和幼苗生长影响最大, 后期出现幼苗坏死现象。45%咪鲜胺EW、75%百菌清WP、50%福美双WP对青稞种子携带真菌均有显著抑制作用和消毒效果, 50%福美双WP消毒效果最优, 达100%; 45%咪鲜胺EW、75%百菌清WP、50%福美双WP处理对青稞种子发芽和幼苗生长均无显著影响。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The dominant seed-borne fungi were detected from three major hullessbarley varieties ‘Yunqing 1’, ‘Yunqing 2’ and ‘Short-white barley’ from Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture by petri-dish testing method, and the disinfection effects of six fungicides and growth of the seeds were also investigated after seeds treatment. The results showed that Fusarium spp. and Penicillium spp. were the main pathogens on the surface of hullessbarley seeds, Fusarium spp., Trichoderma spp. and Epicoccum spp., Rhizoctonia spp., Alternaria spp. and Trichoderma spp. represented main pathogens inside. The fungi isolated from the external surface and interior of seeds expressed significantly difference among the tested varieties. Seeds growth were severely affected by Fusarium spp.. 45% prochloraz EW, 75% chlorothalonil WP and 50% thiram WP had good control effects on seed-borne fungi. The disinfection effect of 50% thiram WP was up to 100%, much better than that of other fungicides. 45% prochloraz EW, 75% chlorothalonil WP and 50% thiram WP treatment had no significant effect on seed germination and seedling growth of hullessbarley. |
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