| 李文凤, 尹炯, 黄应昆*, 王晓燕, 罗志明, 张荣跃, 单红丽.甘蔗螟虫为害损失研究[J].植物保护,2016,42(4):205-210. |
| 甘蔗螟虫为害损失研究 |
| Investigation of sugarcane losses caused by sugarcane borers |
| 投稿时间：2015-06-25 修订日期：2015-08-25 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 甘蔗螟虫 发生为害 甘蔗产量和糖分 损失评估 |
| 英文关键词:sugarcane borer occurrence and damage sugarcane yield and sugar content loss assessment |
| 基金项目:国家现代农业产业技术体系（CARS-20-2-2）；云南省现代农业产业技术体系；云南省科技计划项目(2013BB013) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确田间自然条件下多种蔗螟混合发生为害时甘蔗实测产量及糖分损失情况, 给甘蔗螟虫的科学有效防控提供理论依据和详实的实测数据, 本研究于2012—2013年在蔗螟发生严重蔗区, 选择主栽品种, 同田设〖JP+2〗立并调查防治区和不治区螟害枯心苗率、螟害株率及螟害节率和有效茎数, 甘蔗成熟期分别收砍称量和测定分析甘蔗产量及糖分, 并计算甘蔗实测产量及糖分损失。螟害调查结果表明, 多种蔗螟混合发生为害严重, 螟害枯心苗率为8.3%~65.8%、螟害株率为26.7%~96.7%、螟害节率为4.4%~27.9%; 667 m2有效茎数减少296~1 846条, 〖JP+1〗平均1 111.3条。甘蔗实测产量及糖分损失结果显示, 667 m2〖JP+2〗甘蔗实测产量减少354.7~ 4 706.7 kg, 平均1 822.2 kg; 甘蔗产量损失率为5.3%~44.5%, 平均25.9%; 甘蔗出汁率减少0.9%~3.8%, 平均2.4%; 甘蔗糖分降低0.8%~5.6%, 平均2.2%; 蔗汁锤度降低0.8~6.3°BX, 平均2.1°BX; 蔗汁〖JP+1〗重力纯度降低1.1%~12.5%, 平均4.1%; 而蔗汁还原糖分则增加0.1%~1.6%, 平均0.6%。可见, 目前云南甘蔗主产区存在多种蔗螟混合发生为害, 甘蔗减产减糖严重, 甘蔗螟害已成为现阶段严重影响甘蔗高产、稳产、优质的主要障碍之一, 切实加强甘蔗螟虫的科学有效防控, 减少为害损失, 对确保甘蔗生产安全和蔗糖产业可持续发展具有重要意义。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To provide the theoretical basis and detailed measured data for scientific and effective control of sugarcane borers, the yield and sucrose content of sugarcane damaged by mixed sugarcane borers were evaluated under natural field condition. In serious occurrence area of sugarcane borers during 2012 to 2013, the percentages of dead hearts, bored stems, bored internodes and the number of effective stems of main cultivated varieties of sugarcane were investigated respectively in the treated area and the untreated area established in the same field, and sugarcane yield and sucrose content were measured and their losses were calculated at harvest. The results showed that the percentages of dead hearts, bored stems, bored internodes were 8.3%-65.8%, 26.7%-96.7% and 4.4%-27.9%, respectively, and the reduced number of effective stems per 667 m2 was 1 111.3 on average, the maximum of 1 846 and the minimum of 296. The reduced measured yield per 667 m2 was 1 822.2 kg on average, the maximum of 4 706.7 kg and the minimum of 354.7 kg. The yield loss rate was 25.9% on average, the maximum of 44.5% and the minimum of 5.3%.The reduced juice yield was 2.4% on average, the maximum of 3.8% and the minimum of 0.9%. The reduced sucrose content was 2.2% on average, the maximum of 5.6% and the minimum of 0.8%. The reduced Brix was 2.1°BX on average, the maximum of 6.3°BX and the minimum of 0.8°BX. The reduced gravity purity was 4.1% on average, the maximum of 12.5% and the minimum of 1.1%. However, the increased reducing sugar was 0.6% on average, the maximum of 1.6% and the minimum of 0.1%. The mixed occurrence of various sugarcane borers was serious in current main sugarcane producing areas of Yunnan Province, and sugarcane yield and sucrose content reduced seriously. The sugarcane borers has become one of the main obstacles of sugarcane production. To develop scientific and effective control techniques for sugarcane borers is very important for reducing the losses of sugarcane borers’ damage, and sustainable development of sugar industry. |
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