| 冯 莉, 田兴山* , 闫帅, 张泰杰, 岳茂峰, 高家东, 杨彩宏, 崔烨.马齿苋对菜薹生产的影响[J].植物保护,2014,40(5):159-163. |
| 马齿苋对菜薹生产的影响 |
| Influence of purslane occurrence on false pakchoi production |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 菜薹 马齿苋 竞争 发生规律 经济阈值 |
| 英文关键词:false pakchoi purslane competition occurrence trends economic threshold |
| 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD19B02); 广东省农业科技团队研究项目(2012A020100009) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 马齿苋是广东规模化菜场菜薹田的重要杂草, 为明确其年发生动态, 采用倒置“W”九点取样法, 对广东2个规模化菜场菜薹田马齿苋年发生动态进行调查。结果表明, 1-3月和11-12月马齿苋种群密度最低, 4月开始略有升高, 6月迅速升高, 7-9月田间马齿苋种群密度和生物量均达到高峰, 形成单一的杂草群落, 危害成灾。为明确马齿苋危害高峰期人工防除经济阈值, 采用添加系列试验和模型拟合的方法, 研究了马齿苋密度对菜薹生长和产量性状的影响, 结果表明：在马齿苋的竞争干扰下, 菜薹的叶面积、株高和产量均随马齿苋密度的增加而下降, 幂函数模型较好地拟合了马齿苋密度与菜薹产量( y = -412.779 x0.433 + 12 434.801, P <0.000 1)和产量损失( y = 3.323 x 0.433 -0.361, P < 0.000 1)间的关系。马齿苋危害高峰期进行人工除草, 其经济危害允许水平为5.8%, 经济阈值为4.2株/m2。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Purslane ( Portulaca oleracea L.) is a worst weed mainly occurring in false pakchoi ( Brassica parachinensis L. H. Bailey)fields of large-scale vegetable farms in Guangdong Province. To clarify the trends of purslane’s annual occurrence, a survey was conducted in the false pakchoi fields of two large-scale vegetable farms in Guangdong using an inverted W-pattern 9-point sampling method. The results showed that purslane population density and biomass were both the lowest during January to March and November to December every year, with the population density starting to rise slightly in April, and then rising rapidly during May to June; during July to September, purslane’s population density and biomass both climaxed, thus forming single weed colonies and causing disastrous harms. To determine the economic threshold for manual weeding, influence of purslane density on the yields and components of false pakchoi was investigated by additive series experiments and model fitting. The results showed that under the interferences of purslane, leaf area, stem height and yield loss of false pakchoi all decreased gradually along with the increase of weed density. The power function model y =-412.779 x0.433 + 12 434.801 and y =3.323 x0.433 - 0.361 were the best for describing the relationships between yield and yield loss, respectively. During the climax of purslane’s harm in the false pakchoi field, the economic infestation level for manual weeding was 5.8% and the economic threshold was about 4.2 plant per m2. |
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