| 孔宝华1,阮应珍2,曹克强3*,石安宪2,李云国2,毛文秀1,邹晓军1,王凯1,赵雪琼2,杨毅娟2，马钧4.云南昭通苹果早期落叶病流行动态[J].植物保护,2010,36(6):117-120. |
| 云南昭通苹果早期落叶病流行动态 |
| Epidemic characteristics of apple early defoliation diseases in Zhaotong, Yunnan |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: |
| 英文关键词:apple the early defoliation disease pathogen epidemic Zhaotong |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 苹果早期落叶病是影响苹果生产的重大病害，据报道苹果早期落叶病是褐斑病［Marssonina coronaria (Ell. et Davis) Davis］、斑点落叶病(Alternaria mali Roberts)、灰斑病(Phyllosticta pirina Sacc.)等多种病害的统称。通过在云南昭通系统调查影响苹果早期落叶病的主导因素品种及栽培模式,检测和统计病原菌种类及数量，调查早期落叶病发病率和病情指数，结果表明云南昭通苹果产区早期落叶病主要包括由M. coronaria引起的褐斑病和由A. mali引起的斑点落叶病，没有发现由P. pirina引起的灰斑病和其他病害。早期落叶病发病时间与品种关系密切，‘金帅’从5月下旬开始发病，8月初为发病高峰，9月底病害结束。‘红富士’则5月中旬开始发病，8月底达到发病高峰，10月底结束。不同品种和栽培方式对早期落叶病的发生程度有显著影响。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The apple early defoliation diseases could cause severe damages to apple production in China. According to investigations in Zhaotong of Yunnan province, the apple early defoliation diseases were mainly caused by Marssonina coronaria (Ell. et Davis) and Alternaria mali Roberts, while Phyllosticta pirina Sacc. and other pathogens were not found in Zhaotong. The main factors were investigated, including apple varieties and cultivation methods. The results showed that the disease occurrence periods were related to the varieties. The disease on the variety ‘Gold Delicious’ started in the third ten days of May, reached the peak at the beginning of August, and ended at the end of September. But the disease on the variety ‘Fuji’ started in mid May, reached the peak in August, and ended at the end of October. Different cultivars and cultivation methods had significant influences on the occurrence of the diseases. |
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