| 易 克1#, 葛 龙2, 3#, 蔡海林4, 陈 武5, 门思润1, 李 晔6, 于凌云2, 3, 黄彬彬6*, 刘清术6*.基于噬菌体的烟草青枯病防治策略优化与评价[J].植物保护,2026,(1):155-165. |
| 基于噬菌体的烟草青枯病防治策略优化与评价 |
| Optimized development and evaluation of bacteriophage-based strategies for controlling tobacco bacterial wilt |
| 投稿时间：2024-11-15 修订日期：2025-01-14 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2024598 |
| 中文关键词: 噬菌体 青枯病 烟草 防治策略优化 防效评价 |
| 英文关键词:bacteriophage bacterial wilt (BW) tobacco strategy optimization efficacy evaluation |
| 基金项目:湖南中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目（KY2023YC0009, KY2025JD0004）；湖南省烟草公司长沙市公司科技项目（CS2022KJ02）; 湖南省重点研发计划（2025AQ2028） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 易 克1#, 葛 龙2, 3#, 蔡海林4, 陈 武5, 门思润1, 李 晔6, 于凌云2, 3, 黄彬彬6*, 刘清术6* | 1. 湖南中烟工业有限责任公司, 长沙 410007
2. 北京诺安百特生物技术有限公司, 北京 100176
3. 青岛诺安百特生物技术有限公司, 青岛 266109
4. 湖南省烟草公司长沙市公司, 长沙 410011
5. 湖南农业大学植物保护学院, 长沙 410128
6. 湖南省微生物研究所, 湖南省农业微生物应用工程技术研究中心, 长沙 410000 | 黄彬彬1049351830@qq.com；刘清术liuqingshu2012@126.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为科学、高效利用噬菌体防治烟草青枯病, 本研究通过单因素试验法对盆栽烟草青枯病菌的接种浓度, 噬菌体的施用策略(时期、浓度、频次)进行探索和优化, 构建基于噬菌体的盆栽和田间烟草青枯病防治的施用策略, 并对3株噬菌体进行盆栽和田间防效评价。盆栽烟草青枯病菌Ralstonia solanacearum NX1的发病模型表明, 以10%水土比无创式灌根的最佳青枯菌接种剂量为土壤中终浓度106 cfu/g, 此条件下烟草发病快、周期长, 病情发展平稳。噬菌体防控盆栽烟草青枯病的施用策略为:在青枯病菌接种当天(接种后6 h)和接种后第3天, 以10%水土比无创式灌根方式各施1次, 确保每次施用土壤中终浓度达106 pfu/g, 基于此, 3株噬菌体的盆栽防效显著优于生物农药3%中生菌素粉剂, 且持效期≥40 d, 其中复配组在接种青枯菌后40 d的防效显著高于单剂。田间防控试验表明:以10%水土比无创式灌根方式, 分别在烟草旺长期和打顶期施用噬菌体制剂各1次，使土壤噬菌体终浓度达106 pfu/g的策略防效良好, 3株噬菌体的田间防效达50.53%~58.54%, 显著优于3%中生菌素粉剂3.75 mg/L的防效(32.54%), 其中3株噬菌体复配施用防效达74.63%, 显著优于单剂。综上, 本研究建立的噬菌体防控烟草青枯病的施用策略良好, 3株噬菌体及其施用策略在盆栽及宁乡烟区青枯病防效评价中防效显著优于中生菌素, 本结果将为宁乡地区烟草青枯病害防控及噬菌体资源评价、规模化应用等提供重要参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To enable the scientific and efficient use of bacteriophages for controlling tobacco bacterial wilt (BW) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, this study optimized the inoculation concentration of the pathogen and the bacteriophage application strategies (timing, concentration, frequency) using a single-factor experimental design. Based on these results, a practical bacteriophage application strategy for both potted and field-grown tobacco was established, and the control efficacy of three phage strains was evaluated. The disease model of R.solanacearum NX1 in potted tobacco indicated that the optimal non-invasive root irrigation dose was a final concentration of 106 cfu/g in soil at a 10% soil-water ratio, under which disease onset was rapid, the duration long, and the progression stable. The optimized bacteriophage application strategy for potted tobacco bacterial wilt was as follows: non-invasive root irrigations was conducted twice at a 10% soil-water ratio: once on the day of inoculation (6 h after inoculation) and another time on the 3rd day post-inoculation, each ensuring a final concentration of 106 pfu/g in soil. Under this regime, the three tested phages demonstrated significantly higher control efficacy than the conventional biopesticide zhongshengmycin, with protection lasting ≥40 days, and the combined phage treatment achieved the best performance. Field trials showed that applying bacteriophage formulations twice (once during the vigorous growth stage and once at the topping stage) using non-invasive root irrigation (10% soil-water ratio, final concentration 106 pfu/g) achieved excellent control efficacy. The three bacteriophages provided 50.53%-58.54% control effect, significantly outperforming zhongshengmycin 3% DP 3.75 mg/L (32.54%), with the combined phage treatment showing the highest efficacy (74.63%). Overall, the established bacteriophage-based control strategy showed stable and effective suppression of tobacco BW in both potted and field conditions. The three phages and their combined application exhibited significantly superior efficacy to zhongshengmycin in the Ningxiang tobacco-growing area, providing an important reference for local BW management, bacteriophage resource evaluation, and large-scale application. |
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