| 王 寒1, 孙亚星1, 吕艳艳1, 赵爱玲2, 王海香1*.枣树叶片结构与抗蓟马危害的适应性分析[J].植物保护,2026,(1):57-66. |
| 枣树叶片结构与抗蓟马危害的适应性分析 |
| Adaptive analysis of leaf structure and thrips resistance in jujube trees |
| 投稿时间：2025-01-25 修订日期：2025-03-03 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2025051 |
| 中文关键词: 枣树叶片 解剖结构 蓟马 抗性 |
| 英文关键词:jujube leaf anatomical structure thrips resistance |
| 基金项目:现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-30-1-07); 山西农业大学“特”“优”农业高质量发展科技支撑工程(TYGC23-34) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 蓟马是当前枣树生产上为害较严重的害虫之一, 本研究通过分析叶片结构与蓟马危害的相关性, 明确枣树的抗蓟马机制。以‘壶瓶枣’‘冷白玉’‘六月鲜’3个枣树品种为试验材料, 在不同物候期, 采用蓝色粘虫板调查枣树虫口密度, 随机采样法调查叶片受害率; 结合叶面积仪、扫描电镜、石蜡切片法, 测定叶片的形态特征、气孔结构和解剖结构等指标，分析叶片结构与叶片受害率和枣树单株虫口密度的相关性。结果表明, 3个品种枣树单株虫口密度、叶片受害率存在显著差异(P<0.05), ‘壶瓶枣’单株蓟马虫口密度最小, 受害较重, ‘冷白玉’和‘六月鲜’单株蓟马虫口密度较大, 但受害较轻。‘壶瓶枣’叶片上表皮分布有较多蜡质, ‘冷白玉’和‘六月鲜’上表皮蜡质含量较少。气孔密度与单株虫口密度呈正相关, 栅栏组织厚度、叶片厚度与单株虫口密度呈负相关。此外, 枣树叶片含水量、气孔开度、表皮厚度和叶片厚度均可影响叶片受害率。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Thrips are one of the most serious pest insects in current jujube tree production. The correlation between leaf structure and thrips damage was analyzed to clarify the thrips resistance mechanism in jujube cultivars. Three jujube cultivars, ‘Huping jujube’‘Lengbaiyu’ and ‘Liuyuexian’ were used as experimental materials. During different phenological periods, the thrips population density per plant was investigated using blue sticky traps, and the leaf damage rate was determined by random sampling. Then, the morphological characteristics, stomatal structure and anatomical structure of the leaves were determined by the combination of leaf area meter, scanning electron microscopy and paraffin sectioning method. Finally, the correlations between the leaf structure characteristics and the leaf damage rate as well as population density per plant of different jujube cultivars were analyzed. The results showed that there were significant differences in the thrips population density per plant and leaf damage rate among three cultivars(P<0.05). ‘Huping jujube’ had the lowest thrips density but the most serious damage, while ‘Lengbaiyu’ and ‘Liuyuexian’ had higher thrips density but lighter damage. The wax content of the upper leaf epidermis was highest in ‘Huping jujube’, followed by ‘Lengbaiyu’ and ‘Liuyuexian’. There was a positive correlation between stomatal density and population density per plant, while a negative correlations were observed between palisade tissue thickness, leaf thickness and population density per plant. In addition, leaf water content, stomatal aperture, epidermal thickness and leaf thickness affect the leaf damage rate. |
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