| 段佳辰1, 2, 戴长春2, 3, 路 伟1, 陆宴辉2*.3种蚜虫对方斑瓢虫适合度及种群增长的影响[J].植物保护,2023,49(1):230-238. |
| 3种蚜虫对方斑瓢虫适合度及种群增长的影响 |
| Effects of three aphid species on the fitness and population growth of Propylea quatuordecimpunctata (L.) |
| 投稿时间：2022-05-20 修订日期：2022-06-06 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2022292 |
| 中文关键词: 方斑瓢虫 天然猎物 蚜虫 人工饲养 规模化扩繁 生物防治 |
| 英文关键词:Propylea quatuordecimpunctata natural prey aphid artificial rearing large-scale breeding biological control |
| 基金项目:财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系（CARS-15-21）; NSFC-新疆联合基金重点支持项目（U2003212） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 方斑瓢虫是新疆农田常见的天敌昆虫之一, 具有重要的控害潜能和应用前景。本文利用生命表技术探讨了棉蚜、桃蚜和豌豆修尾蚜对方斑瓢虫生长发育、存活率、繁殖力、寿命和种群数量增长趋势的影响。结果表明, 与饲喂豌豆修尾蚜的方斑瓢虫种群相比, 饲喂棉蚜和桃蚜的种群幼虫发育历期和平均世代周期更短, 存活率、雌虫产卵量、卵孵化率、成虫寿命、内禀增长率、周限增长率和种群趋势指数更高。饲喂棉蚜、桃蚜和豌豆修尾蚜的方斑瓢虫幼虫存活率分别为85.83%、88.33%和50.83%, 单雌产卵量分别为516.71、439.95粒和209.00粒, 以棉蚜和桃蚜为食的幼虫存活率和雌虫产卵量均显著高于以豌豆修尾蚜为食的种群; 取食棉蚜、桃蚜和豌豆修尾蚜的方斑瓢虫种群内禀增长率分别为0.216 9、0.212 5和0.044 3, 种群趋势指数分别为164.10、130.93和20.98, 以棉蚜和桃蚜为食的方斑瓢虫种群增长趋势均显著高于饲喂豌豆修尾蚜的种群。综合以上各项参数, 棉蚜和桃蚜是方斑瓢虫的适宜天然猎物。其中, 桃蚜规模饲养更为便捷, 成本较低, 是方斑瓢虫规模化扩繁的优选猎物。研究结果对方斑瓢虫的规模化人工饲养及释放应用具有重要的实践指导意义。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Propylea quatuordecimpunctata (L.), one of the common insect natural enemies in Xinjiang farmlands, has important potential and application prospects for pest management. In this study, the effect of three aphid species, including Aphis gossypii Glover, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and Megoura japonica (Matsumura), on the growth, survival rate, fecundity, longevity and population growth trends of P. quatuordecimpunctata were investigated using the two-sex life table technique. The results showed that, compared with the populations of P. quatuordecimpunctata fed on M. japonica, the populations fed on A. gossypii and M. persicae had shorter larval developmental time and mean generation time, and higher survival rate, female fecundity, egg hatching rate, adult longevity, intrinsic rate of increase, finite rate of increase and population trend index. The larval survival rate of P. quatuordecimpunctata fed on A. gossypii, M. persicae and M. japonica was 85.83%, 88.33% and 50.83%, respectively, and the fecundity of females was 516.71, 439.95 and 209.00 eggs per female, respectively. The larval survival rate and the fecundity of ladybeetles fed on A. gossypii and M. persicae were significantly higher than those fed on M. japonica . The intrinsic rate of increase of the ladybeetle population fed on A. gossypii, M. persicae and M. japonica were 0.216 9, 0.212 5 and 0.044 3, respectively, and the population trend index was 164.10, 130.93 and 20.98, respectively. The growth trend of the populations fed on A. gossypii and M. persicae was significantly higher than that on M. japonica. Taken together, A. gossypii and M. persicae were more suitable natural prey for P. quatuordecimpunctata . Moreover, the rearing of M. persicae is more convenient and cost-effective, and thus it is the preferred natural prey for the large-scale breeding of P. quatuordecimpunctata . The results have important practical guiding significance for the large-scale artificial breeding and mass-release application of P. quatuordecimpunctata . |
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